维基百科－软件工程术语列表(2)

Life cycle phases Development life cycle phase Requirements gathering / analysis Software architecture Computer programming Testing, detects bugs Black box testing White box testing Clear box testing Quality assurance, ensures compliance with process. Product Life cycle phase and Project lifecycle Inception First development Major release Minor release Bug fix release Maintenance Obsolesence Release development stage, near the end of a release cycle Alpha Beta Gold master 1.0; 2.0 Software development lifecycle Waterfall model - Structured programming and Stepwise refinement SSADM Spiral model - Iterative development DSDM Chaos model - Chaos strategy [edit] Deliverables Deliverables must be developed for many SE projects. Software engineers rarely make all of these deliverables themselves. They usually cooperate with the writers, trainers, installers, marketers, technical support people, and others who make many of these deliverables. Application software - the software Database - schemas and data. Documentation, online and/or print, FAQ, Readme, release notes, Help, for each role User Administrator Manager Buyer Administration and Maintenance policy, what should be backed-up, checked, configured, ... Installers Migration Upgrade from previous installations Upgrade from competitor's installations Training materials, for each role User Administrator Manager Buyer Support info for computer support groups. Marketing and sales materials White papers, explain the technologies used in the applications Comparisons with competitor products [edit] Business roles Operations Users Administrators Managers Buyers Development Analysts Programmers Testers Managers Business Consulting - customization and installation of applications Sales Marketing Legal - contracts, intellectual property rights Support - helping customers use applications Personnel - hiring and training qualified personnel Finance - funding new development Academe Educators Researchers [edit] Management topics Leadership Coaching Communication, SEs easily ignore this Listening Motivation Vision, SEs are good at this Example, everyone follows a good example best Human resource management Hiring, getting people into an organization Staffing, getting people onto a project Training Evaluation Project management Goal setting Customer interaction (Rethink) Estimation Risk management Change management Process management Processes Software development processes Methodologies Metrics [edit] Business topics Quality programs Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award Six Sigma Total Quality Management (TQM) [edit] Community topics [edit] Pioneers Many people made important contributions to SE technologies, practices, or applications. John Backus: Fortran, first optimizing compiler, BNF Vic Basili: Experience factory. F.L. Bauer: Stack principle, originator of the term Software Engineering Kent Beck: Refactoring, extreme programming, pair programming, test-driven development. Tim Berners-Lee: World wide web Barry Boehm: SE economics, COCOMO, Spiral model. Grady Booch: Object-oriented design, UML. Fred Brooks: Managed System 360 and OS 360. Wrote The Mythical Man-Month and No Silver Bullet. Edsger Dijkstra: Wrote Notes on Structured Programming, A Discipline of Programming and Go To Statement Considered Harmful, algorithms, formal methods, pedagogy. Michael Fagan: Software inspection. Tom Gilb: Evolutionary processes. Grace Hopper: The first compiler (Mark 1), COBOL, Nanoseconds. Watts Humphrey: Capability Maturity Model, headed (founded?) the Software Engineering Institute. Jean Ichbiah: Ada Michael A. Jackson: Jackson Structured Programming, Jackson System Development Bill Joy: Berkeley Unix, vi, Java. Brian Kernighan: C and Unix. Donald Knuth: Wrote The Art of Computer Programming, TeX, algorithms, literate programming Bertrand Meyer: Design by Contract, Eiffel programming language. Peter G. Neumann: Computer risks, ACM Sigsoft. David Parnas: Module design, social responsibility, professionalism. Jef Raskin: Developed the original Macintosh GUI Dennis Ritchie: C and Unix. Winston W. Royce: Waterfall model. Mary Shaw: Software architecture. Richard Stallman: Founder of the Free Software Foundation Linus Torvalds: Linux kernel, open source development. Will Tracz: Reuse, ACM Software Engineering Notes. Gerald Weinberg: Wrote The Psychology of Computer Programming. Jeanette Wing: Formal specifications. Ed Yourdon: Structured programming, wrote The Decline and Fall of the American Programmer. See also List of programmers List of computer scientists List of software moguls [edit] Notable publications About Face by Alan Cooper, about user interface design. ISBN 0-76452641-3 The Capability Maturity Model by Watts Humphrey. Written for the Software Engineering Institute, emphasizing management and process. (See Managing the software process ISBN 0-201-18095-2) The Cathedral and the Bazaar by Eric Raymond about open source development. The Decline and Fall of the American Programmer by Ed Yourdon predicts the end of software development in the U.S. ISBN 0-13-191958-X Design Patterns by Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides. ISBN 0-201-63361-2 Extreme Programming Explained by Kent Beck ISBN 0-32127865-8 "Go To Statement Considered Harmful" by Edsger Dijkstra. The Mythical Man-Month by Fred Brooks, about project management. ISBN 0-201-83595-9 Object-oriented Analysis and Design by Grady Booch. ISBN 0-8053-5340-2 Peopleware by Tom DeMarco and Tim Lister. ISBN 0-932633-43-9 Principles of Software Engineering Management by Tom Gilb about evolutionary processes. ISBN 0-201-19246-2 The Psychology of Computer Programming by Gerald Weinberg. Written as an independent consultant, partly about his years at IBM. ISBN 0-932633-42-0 Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code by Martin Fowler, Kent Beck, John Brant, William Opdyke, and Don Roberts. ISBN 0-201-48567-2 See also Important publications in software engineering in CS. [edit] Professional topics Demographics Economics Education History Professionalism Ethics Licensing Legal Intellectual property Consumer protection [edit] Odds and ends [edit] Related fields Traditional engineering Computer engineering Electrical engineering Software engineering Domain engineering Information engineering Knowledge engineering User interface engineering Web engineering Arts and Sciences Mathematics Computer science Information science Application softwares Information systems Programming [edit] Different languages In Chinese, software engineer is called ruan jian gong cheng shi —— 软件工程师 In French, software engineering is called Génie logiciel. In German, software engineering is called Softwaretechnik. In Norwegian, software engineering is called Programvareutvikling. In Spanish, software engineering is called Ingeniería del software, [edit] Miscellaneous and to do Complexity or scaling Software brittleness problem Second system syndrome Software specialists share common language, terminology, certification, and so on. Traditional engineers frequently resort to a balance of factors to achieve optimization. Biology and biological engineering have other issues. Source code escrow Feature interaction problem Certification (software engineering) [edit] See also SWEBOK Software engineering body of knowledge CCSE Computing curriculum for software engineering Computer terms etymology, the origins of computer terms [edit] External links Professional Organizations British Computer Society Association for Computing Machinery IEEE Computer Society Professionalism SE Code of Ethics Professional licensing in Texas Education CCSE Undergraduate curriculum Standards IEEE Software Engineering Standards Internet Engineering Task Force ISO Government organizations European Software Institute Software Engineering Institute Agile Organization to promote Agile software development Test driven development Extreme programming Other Organizations Online community for software engineers Demographics U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics on SE Surveys David Redmiles page from the University of California site Other Full text in PDF from the NATO conference in Garmisch Computer Risks Peter G. Neumann's risks column. Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_software_engineering_topics"

mindware 发表于 2006-1-26 23:54:00

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